>>20501depends on what parts of europe; balkans and anatolia (at the time similar) were in fact the pioneers of metal smelting before the middle east, and were developing at a steady pace. I think trade made it easier for advancements to reach northern europe and iberia too. and after indo-european migration (when the natives were devastated by the plague and already weak) it continued to develop but in a more competitively.
>I know some things about african history like west africa being more developed compared to their kangz to the east and south who did absolutely nothing, to put it bluntly. I'm sure they were cannibals too, many of them. travelers have been writing about that happening in Benin, a relatively well developed nation then.